Obesity is not merely a cosmetic issue; it is a chronic health condition that creates the foundation for many serious disorders such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, joint problems, and sleep apnea. When permanent results cannot be achieved through diet and exercise, bariatric (obesity) surgery offers an effective and scientifically proven option. This guide addresses stomach reduction methods, candidate criteria, and life after treatment.
What is Bariatric Surgery?
Bariatric surgery is the general term for operations that reduce the amount of calories consumed and absorbed by reducing stomach volume and/or altering the digestive pathway. The goal is not only weight loss but also controlling obesity-related diseases and improving quality of life. Procedures are nowadays mostly performed using laparoscopic (closed) methods with small incisions.
Main Methods
- Sleeve Gastrectomy (Tube Stomach): The most commonly performed method. Approximately 75-80% of the stomach is removed, leaving behind a narrow tube-shaped stomach. Both stomach volume decreases and hunger hormone (ghrelin) secretion is reduced. Since the digestive pathway is not altered, the risk of absorption disorders is lower.
- Gastric Bypass: The stomach is reduced in size and a portion of the small intestine is bypassed to create a new connection. Both the amount of food consumed and absorption are reduced. It produces particularly effective results in patients with advanced obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Gastric Balloon: A non-surgical method. A balloon placed in the stomach via endoscopy creates a feeling of fullness, reducing food intake. It is typically removed after 6-12 months. It is an option for individuals with a lower BMI or those not suitable for surgery.
Important: No bariatric method is a miracle cure. Permanent success depends on permanently changing eating habits and lifestyle after surgery.
Who Can Be a Candidate?
- Individuals with BMI of 40 or higher,
- Those with BMI between 35-40 who have accompanying conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or sleep apnea,
- Those who have not achieved permanent results through diet and exercise,
- Individuals whose general health is suitable for surgery and who can comply with the team throughout the process.
Recovery and Nutrition Process
| Period | Nutrition | Activity |
|---|---|---|
| First 1-2 weeks | Liquid foods | Light walking |
| 3-4th week | Pureed foods | Daily activities |
| 5-6th week | Soft solid foods | Light exercise |
| After 2nd month | Normal (small portions) | Regular exercise |
Protein-prioritized nutrition, abundant water consumption, and vitamin-mineral supplements recommended by your physician are integral parts of the process. Regular follow-ups are critical for both safety and sustained results.
Risks
As with any surgery, risks such as bleeding, infection, and leakage exist; however, these risks are low in experienced teams. In the long term, vitamin deficiencies may occur, requiring lifelong monitoring and supplementation. Therefore, bariatric surgery is not just an operation but a long-term treatment journey.
Obesity Surgery Advantage in Turkey
Turkey is one of the world's preferred centers for bariatric surgery. Experienced surgeons with high patient volume, modern hospitals, and internationally-standard care combined with affordable prices make Turkey an attractive option. Treatment packages typically include accommodation, transfers, and post-operative follow-up support.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What should the BMI be for sleeve gastrectomy surgery?
Generally 40 or higher, or between 35-40 with accompanying conditions. The final decision is made upon examination.
How much weight will be lost?
After sleeve gastrectomy, approximately 60-70% of excess weight can be lost in the first 12-18 months.
Is the surgery reversible?
Sleeve gastrectomy is not reversible because part of the stomach is removed. Gastric bypass can technically be revised.
Will the stomach expand again?
With excessive and irregular eating, it can gradually expand somewhat; therefore, nutrition discipline is essential.
This content is for general informational purposes only and does not substitute for medical advice. Treatment decisions must be made after examination by a qualified physician. GİA Mimoza Turizm Tic. Ltd. Şti. (TÜRSAB 18393).